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Anthrax Causes, Types, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
THE DEFINITION OF
Anthrax is a disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which can infect the skin, lungs and the gastrointestinal tract.
Anthrax is highly infectious and can be fatal.
Typically spreads to humans from animals, especially cows, goats and sheep.
THE CAUSE OF
The bacteria Bacillus anthracis.
The bacterium Bacillus anthracis
Bacteria are dormant (sleeping) can survive in the soil and animal products (e.g. wool) for decades.
The infection usually goes through the skin, but it can also come from contaminated meat or inhaling spores or bacteria.
SYMPTOMS
Symptoms can appear within 12 hours to 5 days after exposure to the bacteria.
Skin infection begins as a lump of Red-Brown accompanied an enlarged swelling around it. Bump turn into blisters and hardens, and then broke his middle and issue the clear liquid, then forming a black scab.
Lymph nodes in the affected area may swell, and the sufferer feel unwell, sometimes muscle pain, headaches, fever, nausea and vomiting.
Pulmonary anthrax (disease woolsorter) occurred as a result of inhaling the spores of anthrax bacteria.
Spore splitting in the lymph nodes near the lungs. Lymph nodes then rupture and bleed, infection spreading to nearby structures inside the chest. In the lungs and in the cavity between the lungs and the chest wall was covered in infected fluids.
At first, the symptoms are vague and resemble the flu. But then the fever got worse and in respiratory disorders occur several days, followed by shock and coma.
Possible infection of the brain and selaputnya (meningoensefalitis).
Although given early treatment, the type of anthrax is almost always fatal.
Anthrax gastrointestinalis rare.
Bacteria can grow into the walls of the intestines and release toxins that cause extensive bleeding and tissue death.
If it spreads into the bloodstream, the infection can be fatal.
DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosis of enforced based on symptoms, supported the existence of a history of contact with animals.
To diagnose lung infections, phlegm samples taken to be bred; but the laboratory is not always able to find bacteria cause.
TREATMENT
Skin infections treated with injections of penicillin or tetracycline or erythromycin with per-oral.
Lung infection treated with intravenous penicillin.
Corticosteroids are used to reduce inflammation in the lungs.
If treatment is delayed (usually because the diagnosis is uncertain), then chances are there will be death.
PREVENTION
People who are at high risk of contact with animals (e.g., veterinarian, technician laboratoriuim and textile mill workers prepare fur) can get vaccinations.
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