Cataracts Causes-Symptoms-Diagnosis-Treatment-Prevention
Cataracts are a cloudiness in the lens of the eye that causes impaired vision.
THE CAUSE OF
In many cases, the cause is unknown.
Cataracts usually occur in old age and could be lowered.
Cataract formation was accelerated by environmental factors, such as smoking or other toxic materials.
Cataracts can be caused by:
# Eye Injury
# Metabolic disease (e.g., diabetes)
# Particular drugs (e.g. corticosteroids).
Kongenitalis cataract is cataract which is found in infants at birth (or some time later).
Kongenitalis cataract disease may be a descendant (inherited in autosomal dominant) or it could be caused by:
-Congenital Infections, such as measles, Germany
-Related to metabolic disease, such as galaktosemia.
Risk factors for the occurrence of cataracts are: kongenitalis
the inherited metabolic disease-
-history of cataracts in the family
-viral infections in the mother when the baby is still in the womb.
Cataract in adults is usually associated with the aging process.
Cataract in adults are grouped into:
1. immatur: Cataract lenses still have the clear parts
2. Cataracts matur: lens is completely murky
3. Cataract hipermatur: there is a part of the surface of the lens is already seeping through the capsule of the lens and can cause inflammation of the structures of the eye more.
Most lenses are somewhat murky after the age of 60 years.
Most of the sufferers experienced similar changes on both eyes, although changes in one eye may be worse compared to the other eye.
Many people with cataracts that only experienced mild sight impaired and did not realize that they are suffering from cataracts.
Factors affecting the occurrence of cataracts are:
-low blood calcium levels
-diabetes
-long-term use of corticosteroids
-various diseases of inflammation and metabolic diseases.
environmental factors (trauma, shines, ultraviolet rays).
SYMPTOMS
All the rays that enter the eyes must first pass through the lens. Therefore any part of the lens that is blocking, deflecting or spread the rays could cause interference with vision.
It weighs eyesight depends on location and maturity cataracts.
Cataracts develop slowly and does not cause pain accompanied the sight impaired arises incrementally.
Eyesight can be:
-difficulty seeing at night
-see the circles around the light or the light feels dazzle the eye
-decrease in acuity of vision (even during the day).
Other symptoms are:
-often changed their glass eye
-double vision in one eye.
Sometimes cataracts cause swelling of the lens and increased pressure in the eye (glaucoma), bosa led to pain.
DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosis of enforced based on the symptoms and results of examination of the eye.
Diagnostic examination are wont to do, is:
# Examination standards, including eye examination with a slit lamp
# Eye ULTRASOUND in preparation for cataract surgery.
TREATMENT
The only treatment for cataracts is surgery.
Surgery is done if the patient can not see well with glasses help to do kegitannya everyday.
Some sufferers may feel better vision with just replacing glass eyes, using a glass eye stronger bifokus or use a magnifying lens.
If cataracts do not interfere with the usual don't need surgery.
Cataract surgery consists of the removal of the lens and replace it with an artificial lens.
1. removal of the lens
There are 2 kinds of surgery that can be used to remove the lens:
-Ekstrakapsuler Surgery: the lens was made by leaving the capsule.
To weaken this lens so as to facilitate retrieval of the lens through a small incision, use high frequency sound waves (invented phacoemulsification).
-Intrakapsuler Surgery: a lens with the capsule removed. At this time the intrakapsuler surgery has rarely done.
2. replacement lenses
Patients who have undergone cataract surgery will usually get an artificial lens in lieu of lenses has been lifted.
This artificial lens is plastic plate called a intraokuler lens intraokuler lens, usually inserted into the capsule of the lens inside the eye.
Cataract surgery is often performed and generally safe. After surgery rarely occur on the eye hemorrhage or infection can cause serious vision disorders.
To prevent infections, reduce inflammation and speed up healing, for several weeks after surgery were given eye drops or ointments.
To protect the eye from injury, the patient should use goggles or eye protection made of metal wound surgery until completely healed.
PREVENTION
Primary prevention is the control of diseases associated with cataracts and avoid factors that accelerate the formation of cataracts.
Wearing sunglasses when outdoors during the day could reduce the amount of ultraviolet light coming into the eye.
Quitting smoking can reduce the risk of the occurrence of cataracts.
