Hypernatremia (High Blood Sodium Levels)

Hypernatremia (High Blood Sodium Levels)

Hypernatremia (High Blood Sodium Levels)

Hypernatremia (high sodium levels) is usually a condition in which sodium levels in the blood of greater than 145 mEq / L of blood.

CAUSE

At hypernatremia, the body has inadequate water in contrast to how much sodium.

Blood sodium concentration usually increases abnormally when fluid losses exceed losing sodium, which usually happens if you drink not enough water.

High blood sodium concentration signifies that someone should never feel thirsty whether or not he is thirsty, or hungry, but she will not get enough water to drink.

Hypernatremia also exist in anyone with:

- Abnormal kidney function

- Diarrhea

- Vomiting

- Fever

- Excessive sweating.

Hypernatremia generally occur in the elderly.

The aged usually formed thirst slower and fewer powerful compared to the young.

Seniors are only able to lie bed alone or with dementia (pilkun), most likely are not able to get enough water set up nerves are nevertheless functioning thirst.

Also, at a sophisticated age, the capability with the kidneys to target the urine started to decrease, in order that cannot stand up well.

Parents who take diuretics, which forces the kidneys to excrete more water, at risk to be prone to hypernatremia, specifically if the conditions are hot or should they be sick rather than drinking enough water.

Hipernatemia always a critical situation, especially in the aged.

Nearly 50 % of all seniors admitted to hospital as a consequence of hypernatremia died.

The high mortality may well be as the patient also has a certain illness which allows the hypernatremia.

Hypernatremia may also result from the kidneys to excrete a lot of water, as happens in diabetes insipidus.

Pituitary glands secrete risky hands Pitressin (Pitressin causes the kidneys to retain water) or kidney will not respond properly for the hormone.

Patients with diabetes insipidus is rarely experienced hyponatremia if they have normal thirst and drinking enough water.

The key source of hipernatremi:

   1. Nerve head trauma or surgery concerning the hypophysis

   2. Disruption of other electrolytes (hypercalcemia and hypokalemia)

   3. The application of drugs (lithium, demeclocycline, diuretics)

   4. Excessive fluid loss (diarrhea, vomiting, fever, sweating)

   5. Sickle cell disease

   6. Diabetes insipidus.

SYMPTOMS

The key manifestation of hypernatremia would be the consequence of brain damage.

Severe hypernatremia could cause:

- Confusion

- Muscle spasms

- Spasms through the entire body

- Coma

- Death.

Diagnosis

The verification is created using the results of blood tests and symptoms.

TREATMENT

Hypernatremia treated with fluid administration.

In all of the cases, especially mild cases, fluids given intravenously (using an IV).

That can help evaluate if buying has sufficient fluid, blood test every few hours.

Lowered blood sodium concentration is slowly, because the fixes are extremely fast could potentially cause permanent brain damage.

Blood or urine examination carried out to determine explanation for the other high power of sodium.

When the cause has been seen as, it may be treated more specifically.

By way of example, for diabetes insipidus given antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin).