Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels)

Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels)

Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels)

Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels) can be a symptom in how the concentration of calcium inside the blood greater than 10.5 mgr / dL of blood.

CAUSE

Hypercalcemia can be caused by increased absorption from the gastrointestinal tract as well as the increased intake of calcium.

Those who consume huge amounts of calcium (as they are sometimes done by those with peptic ulcers who drink plenty of milk as well as taking antacids containing calcium), may suffer from hypercalcemia.

An overdose of vitamin D can affect blood calcium concentration, ie by helping the absorption of calcium in the gastrointestinal tract.

The most typical cause of hypercalcemia is hyperparathyroidism, a disease in which the parathormone occurs expenditure massively by a number of with the four parathyroid glands.

90% of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism have a benign tumour (adenoma) using one on the glans.

The remainder 10% had an enlarged parathyroid glands produce an excessive amount of hormone.

In the rare cases, cancer of the parathyroid gland causes hyperparathyroidism.

Hyperparathyroidism is more experienced by women too than men.

Also prone to happens to seniors along with people who received irradiation inside the neck.

Sometimes hyperparathyroidism occurs as part of a multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, that is a rare genetic disease.

Cancer patients will have hypercalcemia.

Kidney cancer, lung cancer or ovarian cancer (ovarian), often issued a large number of proteins who have effects similar to parathormone. This effect is termed paraneoplastic syndrome.

Cancer may also spread (metastasize) for the bone, destroying bone cells and bones release calcium in to the blood.

It is common in prostatic adenocarcinoma, breast and lung.

Multiple myeloma (marrow cancer involving) can also resulted in destruction of bone and cause hypercalcemia.

Other cancers also increasing blood calcium concentrations, the mechanism seriously isn't fully understood.

In diseases where there is certainly destruction or absorption of bone cells (eg, Paget disease), can also happen hypercalcemia.

People who usually do not move much (eg people who have paraplegia (paralysis on the lower body both), kuadriplegia (all four limbs paralyzed) or lying while having sex for the prolonged period, can also endure hypercalcemia as a result of bone tissue diresorbsi.

Hypercalcemia (high blood calcium levels)

SYMPTOMS

The primary warning signs of hypercalcemia usually is constipation (constipation), decrease of appetite, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.

Could be abnormal kidney produce urine in big amounts.

Formation due to the excessive urine, body fluids will disappear and there will probably be the signs of dehydration.

Very severe hypercalcemia often causes signs of brain dysfunction for example confusion, emotional disorders, delirium (loss of awareness), hallucinations, weakness and coma.

Will also be as well as an abnormal heart rhythm and death.

In patients with chronic hypercalcemia can form calcium-containing kidney stones.

In the case of severe and chronic hypercalcemia, calcium crystals will form from the kidneys and cause permanent damage.

Diagnosis

Hypercalcemia is frequently discovered during routine blood tests.

The reason is frequently seen for the history and activities from the last patient (eg, drinking copious amounts of milk and consume antacid tablets containing calcium).

That can help determine the source, conducted laboratory tests and x-rays.

TREATMENT

Treatment depends upon high stages of blood calcium and cause.

When the power of calcium is not greater than 11.5 mgr / dL of blood, treated fairly by reducing what causes it.

Folks who suffer from normal renal function plus a tendency to have hypercalcemia usually advised to drink a lot of fluids that may stimulate the kidneys to excrete calcium so helping prevent dehydration.

Once the calcium concentration is extremely high (over 15 mgr / dL of blood) or if symptoms develop brain dysfunction, given intravenous fluids so long as the kidneys are functioning properly.

Diuretic drugs including furosemide, increased relieve calcium from the kidneys and is also the main therapy.

Dialysis is usually a treatment that is certainly effective, safe and reliable, which is usually performed on patients with severe hypercalcemia that will not be treated by other means.

Hyperparathyroidism is normally treated with surgery to get rid of more than one parathyroid glands.

So that the answers are good, all tissues that produce parathormone in large quantities being lifted

This operation success rate approaching 90%.

Other drugs may be used to treat hiperkalsemi when other methods never do:

- Plicamycin

- Gallium nitrate

- Calsitonin

- Biphosphonates

- Corticosteroids.

These drugs mainly work by slowing removing calcium from the bones.

Hypercalcemia due to cancer is tough to take care of.

If your cancer can not be controlled, usually hypercalcemia will recur despite treatment solutions are best.